The motives of teenage drinking

The effect of alcohol on the body

Violation of the psyche of an alcoholic

Who will stop the teens

Teenage alcoholism

Child and adolescent alcoholism - a problem of modern society

"Child and adolescent alcoholism is a problem of modern society."

More than 80% of teenagers consume alcoholic beverages. According to Rospotrebnadzor in Russia, a third of underage boys and a quarter of girls drink daily.

Preschool and primary school age

The second period is preschool and primary school age.

The first period - early childhood

The third period - adolescence and youth

The introduction to alcoholic beverages of children and adolescents most intensively occurs in three age periods:

Alcohol abuse is one of the pressing problems

our time. Widespread sale and advertising of beer and alcoholic beverages, social, economic and psychological tension, disorganization or high cost of normal leisure and recreation contribute to the growth of alcoholism in the Russian population.

Alcohol increases appetite, heals anemia, improves sleep

facilitates teething. Alcoholization of children and adolescents is promoted by the alcoholic environment, which is made up of drinkers' closest relatives.

Parents' pedagogical illiteracy is manifested in existing prejudices and misconceptions about the healing effect of alcohol:

Causes of adolescent alcoholism

At the age of ten, alcoholic beverages are first tried either by accident or out of interest; After 14-15 years, the following reasons become the most typical: “everyone drinks and I drink”, “persuaded”, “for courage” and others. The introduction to alcohol in the family is one of the main problems: Children, observing adults at the holidays, begin to think that alcohol consumption is the norm and an obligatory component of family “feasts”.

Family relationships can push teenagers into alcoholism

negative interpersonal relationships within the family; overprotective parenting; worship and permissiveness, indulging all the weaknesses and desires of the child, etc. Television, advertising and other media play an important role in teaching teenagers to alcohol.

The motives of teenage drinking

"Desire to follow traditions"

Chemicals are mediators of pleasure

In the subcortical structures of the brain (diencephalon), chemicals are released - mediators of pleasure (endorphin, endoethanol). Each person is capable of producing their own drug-like substance - internal morphine or internal alcohol.

3 - Diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus)

Alcohol and opioids (endorphins)

in small concentrations, they are normally found in the blood of healthy people who have never abused either alcohol or opiates. Special receptors, enzymatic and immune mechanisms are involved in the metabolism and utilization of these substances. It is with them that the pathogenetic mechanisms of chemical dependence are associated.

The mechanism of development of alcohol dependence

After drinking wine, the brain stops secreting its own endoethanol until the alcohol is metabolized. As a result of regular alcohol abuse (after 5-6 years), the brain stops producing it at all. Therefore, in the morning after alcohol drunk in the evening, headache, muscles, joints hurt, mood drops sharply, a person is incapacitated. This condition in everyday life is called a hangover, in medicine - withdrawal syndrome or withdrawal syndrome. The patient suffers from an acute deficiency of endoethanol, which is necessary to maintain emotional and physical tone. This forces the person to take a dose of alcohol in the morning. The need to get drunk is an unconditional sign of beginning alcoholism. The loss of the gag reflex to the intake of large doses of alcohol is a reliable sign of alcoholism, the stage when one can still hope for successful treatment.

Pathological changes in the personality of alcoholics

The nervous system is the most vulnerable to the effects of alcohol. The consequence of this is: a large tremor in the hands - alcoholic tremor, the characteristic gait of an alcoholic: a completely sober person walks with an unnaturally proud head raised, a protruding chest and hands tightly pressed at the seams, and high thrown feet make his movement extremely comical. Degradation of personality is also manifested in a kind of alcoholic humor, when a silly joke, one of one's own or someone else's, can generate an explosion of laughter throughout the day. Another manifestation of degradation is pathological deceit. Alcoholics are very unreliable people: they never keep their word, or rather, they promise what they are obviously unable to fulfill. Almost all alcoholics suffer from pathological jealousy, the root cause of which is the obligatory development of impotence. A large proportion of jealous killings are committed by alcoholics.

Dynamics of changes in the appearance and internal organs of an alcoholic

Attitude of schoolchildren to drunkenness depending on age

The study was conducted in Russia.

Young men at the age of 16 are less judgmental than girls towards drunkenness of others. The most difficult to express unambiguously their attitude to drunkenness are children of 9 years old (girls and boys equally). But, starting from the age of 13, girls more definitely than boys expressed their attitude to the drunkenness of others.

Schoolchildren's attitudes towards drinking in a company

friends (per 100 surveyed).

The effect of alcohol on the body

Alcohol acts like narcotic substances and typical poisons - first exciting, then paralyzing. First of all, the higher centers are paralyzed. With the frequent use of alcoholic beverages, disturbances in the activity of various organs are first observed, and then anatomical changes appear in them.

The effect of alcohol on internal organs

The harmful effects of alcohol affects all systems of the human body (nervous, circulatory, digestive, reproductive, respiratory). Hemorrhages are found in the mucous membrane of the stomach, gastritis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcers are detected in alcoholic patients.

Liver and kidney tissue changes

liver vessels become less elastic, fatty degeneration of the liver is observed - liver cirrhosis. Alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver: the complete disintegration of this organ causes intolerable pain, severe itching of the skin, swelling on the face and legs, a significant increase in the abdomen due to the accumulation of large amounts of fluid. Then comes suffocation and painful death. The respiratory organs, gonads and skeletal system also suffer. The figure shows a normal liver and a yellow liver of an alcoholic: above - appearance below - a section of the liver.

The effect of alcohol on the cardiovascular system

Alcohol attacks the heart muscle, leading to serious illness and increased mortality. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy develops. An increase in the volume of the heart is detected by an X-ray study. Even healthy people may experience heart rhythm disturbances after a large dose of alcohol. Alcohol abuse contributes to the development and progression of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and is often the direct cause of heart attacks.

The effect of alcohol on the endocrine and reproductive system

Alcohol has a harmful effect on the endocrine glands and primarily on the sex glands. A decrease in sexual function is observed in 1/3 - 2/3 of alcohol abusers and in patients with chronic alcoholism. As a result of alcohol impotence, men easily experience various functional disorders of the central nervous system (neuroses, reactive depressions, etc.). In women, under the influence of alcohol, menstruation stops early, the ability to bear children decreases, and toxicosis of pregnancy is more often observed.

Violation of the psyche of an alcoholic

Delirium tremens alcoholic psychosis - occurs in patients with chronic alcoholism against the background of a hangover syndrome. For delirium tremens, a predominance of true visual hallucinations is typical. They are characterized by a multiplicity of images and mobility. Most often these are Insects (bugs, cockroaches, beetles, flies) and small animals (cats, rats, mice). Less often, patients see large animals and people, sometimes with a fantastic appearance. Characterized by visions of snakes, devils, as well as deceased relatives (the so-called wandering dead)

Irresponsibility of parents can lead to sad consequences

Teenage alcoholism statistics

Parents introduce children to alcohol in 60.5% of cases, 76.9% of adolescents who regularly take alcohol study poorly, 23% study at the average level, 1.5% study better than the average level. Approximately 50% of adolescents who consume alcoholic beverages read little, while 19% of them do not read books at all. In 58% of families, only the father drinks alcohol. 53% of children who drink alcohol do not have sufficient control and attention from their parents. 51.7% of families of adolescents who often drink alcohol are characterized by a tense psychological climate, where there are constant quarrels, even fights. 91% of families where teenagers regularly consume alcohol are socially unstable families.

Alcohol abuse and life expectancy

Systematic alcohol consumption leads to premature old age, disability; the life expectancy of persons prone to drunkenness is 15–20 years shorter than the average.

Formation in the mind of a teenager of a negative attitude to alcohol

All efforts must be directed at forming a negative attitude towards alcohol in the mind of a teenager.

Parents' drunkenness creates: on the one hand, extremely unfavorable conditions for the moral education and intellectual development of children and adolescents; on the other hand, promotes their early introduction to the use of alcoholic beverages; early introduction to alcohol and its systematic use in young years lead to drunkenness and early development of alcoholism. the use of alcoholic beverages can delay the formation of ethical and moral categories, the development of higher forms of thinking, aesthetic concepts; with still immature life views and beliefs, a teenager under the influence of alcohol often becomes more susceptible to examples of negative behavior.

Who will stop the teens

Prevention of adolescent alcoholism

Prevention of alcoholism at the family level Prevention of alcoholism at the school level Prevention by the state.

Presentation on theme: Alcohol and teenager

In Russia, honey was the main raw material for the production of alcohol, and therefore traditional intoxicating drinks were low-degree: mead, beer, mash, and from the 10th century. and grape wine, and their reception was accompanied, as a rule, by a plentiful meal, which in total minimized the damage to health from alcohol consumption. Peculiarities of alcohol consumption in ancient Russia

Alcohol during the period of the Moscow state Since 1386, grape alcohol has been imported into Russia. In 1448-1474, the production of alcohol from raw rye began, after which it was called bread wine or vodka.

3 factors in the formation of alcoholism Social factor: cultural and material standard of living, stress, information overload, urbanization. Biological factor: hereditary predisposition / according to studies, up to 30% of children whose parents abused alcohol can become potential alcoholics /. Psychological factor: psychoemotional personality traits, the ability to socially adapt and resist stress.

The social environment at school or on the street has a big impact on us. The desire to stand out, or vice versa, to be like everyone else, leads to the fact that in the end the whole company of teenagers begins to drink alcohol. Failures in life, inability to use free time rationally are also the reasons for adolescent alcoholism. Some people think it's cool, thus they want to establish themselves.

According to the Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education of Russia 81, 8% of minors and young people 11-24 years old drink alcohol; The average age of onset of alcohol consumption is 13 years; About 40% of children were first introduced to alcohol between the ages of 11 and 14.

Why do teenagers start drinking (according to opinion polls)

The alcohol consumed is quickly absorbed and enters the bloodstream. From the blood, alcohol enters the tissues, where it is distributed unevenly. Since it dissolves well in lipids - fat-like substances that are rich in nerve cells - its greatest accumulation occurs in the brain. It is these cells that die in the first place.

The consequences of drinking alcohol:

Types of pressure. Friends pressure (done in a friendly way) "Would you like to try?" Indirect, tempting pressure. (inviting a person to try alcohol without direct pressure) "Sasha invites you to a party, most of the guys there will drink and smoke." The pressure of "teasers" and "nicknames" - "Come on, don't be a chicken (idiot, mama's boy). Try it. " Heavy pressure. - “Come on. You'd better have a drink, or you're not my friend. " “Are you afraid? You're a coward!"

ADDRESSING YOUNG PEOPLE: Follow these guidelines and protect yourself and your loved ones from this addiction Try postponing alcohol consumption, including beer, until you become physically mature. It is believed that a person reaches physical maturity when he becomes an adult, i.e. at the age of 18. Take up exercise or your favorite sport or dance sport. This has threefold benefits: health benefits; you will have a great free time; you will find friends with whom you have common interests, for example, sports.

If thirsty, drink something non-alcoholic, even if it costs more than beer. Remember: alcohol removes water from the body, so it cannot quench your thirst. Not drinking alcoholic drinks means making a health choice. True friends should understand this and respect your choice. Don't waste money on beer or other alcoholic beverages. It is better to save them and spend on something interesting, for example, on fashionable clothes, a new computer game, or on the next trip to an Internet club or a disco. Don't think you're the only one who doesn't want to drink alcohol. There are many such people.

Always choose your health!

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Description of the presentation for individual slides:

1 slide

Slide Description:

2 slide

Slide Description:

Experts interpret the concept of child alcoholism as a manifestation of characteristic signs up to 18 years of age. Drunkenness among minors is closely related to their deviant behavior. This connection is based on the main danger of alcoholism for adolescents - it dramatically weakens self-control.

3 slide

Slide Description:

In children, alcoholism, in contrast to adults, has a number of characteristic features: - rapid addiction to alcoholic beverages; - malignant course of the disease; - the child's taking large doses of alcohol; - the rapid development of drunkenness; - low efficiency of treatment.

4 slide

Slide Description:

Such a terrifying phenomenon as child alcoholism began to spread in Russia in post-Soviet times, and today it is a very serious problem. If earlier young people began to show interest in alcohol around the age of 18, now among alcoholics there are children 10-12 years old, and even 3-year-olds.

5 slide

Slide Description:

Reasons for child alcoholism: - The child's attempts to assert himself among older comrades; - The child's desire to get away from problems, such as troubles at school, quarrels with parents and misunderstanding on their part, first falling in love, misunderstandings in communication with peers, loss of something significant (for example, the death of a beloved animal); - Dependence on the street, when the family does not have the opportunity to throw out their emotions, drinking "for the company"; - Availability of free, uncontrolled money for which you can buy intoxicating drinks; - Alcoholism of parents.

6 slide

Slide Description:

The consequences of childhood alcoholism are deterioration in health and mental abilities. With the systematic use of alcohol in children, alcohol intolerance rapidly increases and a hangover syndrome forms. The character of the child changes markedly, features of psychopathy are manifested in him - increased excitability, irascibility, aggressiveness. Or vice versa - the child becomes less active, lack of initiative, apathetic, his intellectual activity is noticeably reduced, and academic performance deteriorates.

7 slide

Slide Description:

A young, unformed organism is a fertile ground for the development of alcoholism. Due to the immaturity of the child's central nervous system, it becomes especially vulnerable. Impaired memory, intellect, logical and abstract thinking, impaired emotional response. Drunkenness among minors is closely related to their deviant behavior. This connection is based on the main danger of alcoholism for adolescents - it dramatically weakens self-control. Most often, violent crimes are committed in a state of intoxication.

8 slide

9 slide

Slide Description:

There are several stages in the development of alcoholism: At the first, initial stage, there is a kind of adaptation (addiction) to alcohol. The duration of this period is up to 3-6 months. The second stage is characterized by the regular intake of alcoholic beverages. The dose and frequency of alcohol intake are growing. The behavior of the teenager is changing. This period lasts up to 1 year. At the third stage, mental dependence develops, which can last for several months or years. The teenager himself is an active promoter of the intake of alcoholic beverages at any time, in any quantity and of any quality. This is the initial stage of chronic alcoholism. The fourth stage is defined as the chronic stage of the disease. Formed withdrawal syndrome, mainly with a predominance of the mental component. Withdrawal is less prolonged than in adults and occurs after taking large doses of alcohol. At the fifth stage, the development of alcoholism follows the patterns described for adults. A significant difference is the rapid development of dementia (dementia). Children suffering from alcoholism quickly descend, become asocial, rude, intellectually degraded, with gross impairment of memory and emotions

10 slide

Slide Description:

The statistics of adolescent alcoholism in Russia gives the following data: Parents introduce children to alcohol under the age of 10 in 60% of cases. Teenagers who regularly consume alcohol study unsatisfactorily (77%), satisfactory (22%) and well (1%). Teenagers who drink alcohol rarely read or do not read at all, and this despite the fact that the peak of the development of erudition comes in high school. 91% of alcohol addicted children come from disadvantaged and socially unstable families. 53% of alcohol addicted children do not receive due attention and care from their parents.

In adolescents, alcohol resistance is very low (50 - 100 ml of vodka), while the younger the age at which intoxication first occurred, the lower it is. With a constant intake of alcohol (up to 2 - 3 times a month), the adolescent's resistance to alcohol increases. The lifestyle typical of the "alcoholic" company is mistakenly perceived by a teenager as normal and natural. It is considered natural to take alcoholic beverages on weekends, in front of a disco and while relaxing with friends. Instead of an active social life, the circle of interests narrows down to the problems discussed in the "alcoholic" company.

The consequences of regular drinking in adolescents are much more serious and dangerous than alcoholism in adulthood. 1. Early weakening of sexual functions. Infertility, early abortion. 2. The risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases or sexually transmitted infections, hepatitis B or C, HIV infection. 3. Malfunctions of the gastrointestinal tract. 4. Liver damage, development of hepatitis, liver cirrhosis. 5. Violations of the pancreas (pancreatitis, peritonitis). 6. Violation of the cardiovascular system. 7. Inflammatory diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract develop. 8. The appearance of various inflammatory diseases in the lungs, bronchi, larynx, nasopharynx (chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, pneumosclerosis, pulmonary tuberculosis). 9. Decrease in the body's immune defense. 10. Irreparable harm to the endocrine system. 11. Possible development and very complex course of diabetes mellitus. 12. Changes in blood composition, anemia, etc. 13. Various disorders, mainly in the emotional and volitional sphere.

Treatment of Childhood Alcoholism It is very important to diagnose the disease and start treatment as early as possible in order to avoid complications. Teenage alcoholism is quite difficult to treat, due to the inability to use some drugs due to the early age of the patient. It is better to carry out treatment in a hospital under the obligatory supervision of doctors, home treatment is excluded.

Prevention of adolescent alcoholism Personality is formed from childhood. Therefore, the prevention of alcoholism begins, first of all, from childhood and adolescence, with the formation of a mentally and physically healthy personality. Prevention of child and adolescent alcoholism should take place simultaneously in several directions: 1. Prevention of alcoholism at the family level. 2. Prevention of alcoholism at the school level. 3. Prevention by the state

Peculiarities of alcohol consumption in ancient Russia

In Russia, honey was the main raw material for the production of alcohol, and therefore traditional intoxicating drinks were low-degree: mead, beer, mash, and from the 10th century. and grape wine, and their reception was accompanied, as a rule, by a plentiful meal, which in total minimized the damage to health from alcohol consumption.

Alcohol during the Muscovite period

Since 1386, grape alcohol has been imported to Russia.

In 1448-1474, the production of alcohol from raw rye began, after which it was called bread wine or vodka.

• Social factor: cultural and material standard of living, stress, information overload, urbanization.
• Biological Factor: Hereditary Predisposition / according to studies, up to 30% of children whose parents abused alcohol can become potential alcoholics /.
• Psychological factor: psycho-emotional personality traits, the ability to socially adapt and resist stress.

• The social environment at school or on the street has a big impact on us. The desire to stand out, or vice versa, to be like everyone else, leads to the fact that in the end the whole company of teenagers begins to drink alcohol. Failures in life, inability to use free time rationally are also the reasons for adolescent alcoholism.
• Some people think it's cool, thus they want to establish themselves.

According to the Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education of Russia

• Drink alcohol 81.8%

minors and

young people 11-24 years old;

• Average age of onset

drinking alcohol - 13 years;

• About 40% of children for the first time

got acquainted with alcohol

from 11 to 14 years old.

Why teenagers start drinking (according to opinion polls)

The consequences of drinking alcohol:

Physical

character

Spiritual in nature

• Diseases:

Social nature

• CNS, CVS;
• digestive organs, lungs, liver;
• endocrine and reproductive systems.

• Difficulties in relationships with family and peers;
• Spiritual degradation: selfishness, lack of will, primitive thinking, cruelty, aggression,

irascibility, rudeness;

• Headaches, hypertonia.
• Psychosis: nightmares, depression,

• Problems in study and work (loss of memory, intelligence).
• Asocial behavior;
• Conflict with the law;
• Indifference to public life;
• Narrowness of interests.

the feeling of anxiety, fear.

• Inability to manifest human qualities: love, responsiveness, caring.

• Chills, thirst, lack of appetite, trembling limbs.
• Premature aging.
• Death.

Types of pressure.

• Friends pressure ( done in a friendly manner)

"Would you like to try?"

• Indirect, tempting pressure. ( inviting the person to taste alcohol without direct pressure)

"Sasha invites you to a party,

most of the guys there will drink and smoke. "

• The pressure of "teasers" and "nicknames" -

“Come on, don't be a chicken (idiot, mama's boy). Try it. "

• Heavy pressure. -

“Come on. You'd better have a drink, or you're not my friend. "

“Are you afraid? You're a coward!"

• Follow these rules and save yourself and your loved ones from this addiction.
• Try to postpone alcohol consumption, including beer, until you reach physical maturity. It is believed that a person reaches physical maturity when he becomes an adult, i.e. at the age of 18.
• Get exercise or your favorite sport or dance sport. This has threefold benefits: health benefits; you will have a great free time; you will find friends with whom you have common interests, for example, sports.

• If thirsty, drink something non-alcoholic, even if it costs more than beer. Remember: alcohol removes water from the body, so it cannot quench your thirst. Not drinking alcoholic beverages means making a health choice. True friends should understand this and respect your choice.
• Don't waste money on beer or other alcoholic beverages. It is better to save them and spend on something interesting, for example, on fashionable clothes, a new computer game, or on another trip to an Internet club or a disco.
• Don't think that you're the only one who doesn't want to drink alcohol. There are many such people.